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Authors:
Bianza Moise Bakadia, Tiatou Souho, Lallepak Lamboni, Biaou O. Ode Boni, Mutoba Tshilumbayi Falone, Biampata Mutu Mukole, Guang Yang*, China
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Abstract:
Purpose: To
evaluate elements involved in nosocomial bacterial infections in Lubumbashi
hospitals and determine the specific antimicrobial resistance types circulating
in the region.
Methodology: A
cross-sectional study was performed in four different hospitals in Lubumbashi
from March 2017 to October 2019. Hospital surfaces, medical equipment, and
hospitalized patients’ stools were screened. Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus
aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were identified and subjected to
antibiotic sensitivity tests and screened for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase
activity.
Results: Most hospital
surfaces and medical devices were contaminated (90.4 %), with a predominance of
Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa species. These bacteria exhibited
various resistance rates, with high rates (≥ 50 %) registered towards
penicillin, gentamicin, fosfomycin, fusidic acid, and ciprofloxacin. About 37.5
% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates and 53 % of Staphylococcus aureus isolates
showed extended-spectrum beta-lactamase activity. Escherichia coli isolates
exhibited resistance to several antibiotics with the highest rate of resistance
(91.5 %) against Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and β-lactamase activity
registered in 44.3 %.
Conclusions: While asserting
intestinal Escherichia coli as a reliable marker for the study of bacterial
resistance. This study also found that surfaces and medical devices in
Lubumbashi hospitals play a crucial role in the dynamics of drug-resistance.
The findings emphasize the burden of antibiotic resistance, suggesting an
urgent need for effective management strategies to limit the propagation of
this phenomenon.
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