|
Abstract:
Introduction:
Orthognathic surgery has become
increasingly accepted as a method of correcting moderate to severe Class III
skeletal deformities. The recognition of aesthetic factors and the prediction
of the final facial profile play a very important role in the planning of
surgical therapy because the majority of patients are generally very sensitive
to any changes in facial aesthetics after orthognathic surgery.
Objective
Evaluate soft tissue changes (Nose, lips
and chin) in relation to the underlying hard tissue movements, and surgical
changes after different surgical approaches, designed to treat Class III
skeletal malocclusions, including different types of two-dimensional analysis
and also three-dimensional analysis.
Materials
We adopted a research strategy based on
a query of five digital bibliographic databases, PubMed, Google Scholar, and
Cochrane Library over a 13-year period from 2007 to 2020. We limited our
research by using several keywords according to the following search equation:
orthognathic surgery/skeletal class III/soft tissue/changes. In addition, no
exclusion of articles based on language was made.
Results
Orthognathic surgery in class III
skeletal cases, causes quite considerable changes in the facial profile and
also in the overlying soft tissues, in the anterior-posterior and transverse
direction. However, it has been clinically proven that the external nose
undergoes more or less undesirable changes, mainly related to the enlargement
of the alar base and nasal projection, in the context of surgical relocation of
the upper jaw. While changes in the soft tissue after orthognathic surgery can
be well predicted at the B-point and Pogonion point, this means that the
mandibular soft tissue will be more likely to follow the underlying bone
tissue. The accuracy of this prediction is not significantly affected by gender
or type of orthognathic surgery.
|
