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Authors:
Lela Bibileishvili, Tinatin Gagua, David Gagua, David Tananashvili, Besarion Tkeshelashvili, Ekaterine Mirvelashvili, Lia Gumbaridze, Georgia
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Abstract:
Introduction. Cervical Cancer is dangerous gynecological disease, especially in
low and middle income countries. HPV is the main risk-factor of cervical
carcinogenesis. Unfortunately, there is very few information about the
frequency of meal intake, breakfast skipping, protein lack diet, sleep
disorders, and their relation with cervical cancer. Therefore,
the purpose of our study was the assessment of socio-economic and behavioural
factors of cervical intraepithelial lesions (CIL) in Western Georgia.
Methods.
893 women (age – 25-60 years;
mean age –
40.56±8.97 years) have
been studied by gynecological examination, PAP-test and colposcopically. The
special structured questionnaire consisted of the lifestyle, socio-demographic
and other characteristics of participants. CIL risk-factors have been assessed
by case-control study.
Study Results. The analysis of demographic and socio-economic characteristics
shows that age, family status, urban/rural habitants and educational
characteristics did not significantly differed between groups. Low family
income is significantly higher in CIL group compared to non-CIL participants
(p<0.05). BMI values were significantly differed in groups (31.32±4.92 kg/m2
vs. 29.46±5.23 kg/m2, p=0.0005). Protein-lack diet (OR=2.2041), breakfast
skipping (OR=1.7669), discrete
sleep (OR=1.7121),
insomnia (OR=2.8335),
and frequent induced abortions (OR=2.1979) are significant risk-factors of CIL. The analysis of cervical
background diseases indicated that high percentage of erosions found in CIL
cases compared to controls (OR=2.4783).
Multiple regression analysis revealed significant risk-factors:
family income, protein-poor food, breakfast skipping, deliveries and abortions in early youth, impaired
menstrual cycle, cervical erosions.
Conclusion. Study results
indicated the possible impact of energy imbalance on the development of CIL.
Breakfast skipping, protein-lack diet, sleep disorders should be considered as
risk-factors of energy imbalance, which is cause of altered metabolic
characteristics, inflammation, obesity and insulin resistance. Furthermore,
energy imbalance should be the reason of decreased levels of estrogens. Our data of multiple regression analysis revealed the
significant risk-factors of CD development: family income, protein-poor food,
breakfast skipping, deliveries and abortions in early youth, impaired hormonal
status, clinical sign – pain/discomfort/heaviness in lower abdomen. The
energetic imbalance and impaired hormonal homeostasis are principal issues in
the strategy of the CC prevention. However, the evidence of our results has to
be confirmed by further valid randomized control trials.
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