Title:
Epidemiology and Pattern Resistance of Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Urinary Tract Infections in Children Aged 0 to 5 Years Old in N'djamena.

Authors:
ADOUM HISSEIN MOUSSA; Professor ADIOGO DIEUDONNE, Chad

Abstract:

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is defined as an abnormal colonization of the urinary tract by germs. The aim of our study is to identify Enterobacteriaceae, their resistance genes, and to monitor their resistance to antibiotics in order to enable better therapeutic management at the University Hospital for Mothers and Children of N'Djamena, Chad.

Methodology: During the period from August 1, 2024 to April 30, 2025, we conducted a prospective and analytical study on cytobacteriological examinations of urine of children aged 0 to 5 years. After examination of the urine pellet, we performed a urine culture on Cled and Eosine Méthylène Blue medium (EMB). For positive cultures, we considered only Enterobacteriaceae (Gram-negative oxidase-negative bacilli) after Gram and oxidase tests. Identification was carried out using API 20 E. The sensitivity of organisms to antibiotics is carried out by the Kirby Bauer method; the data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20.0. The chi2 test was used to compare percentages at the 0.05% threshold.

Results: One thousand two hundred and sixty (1,262) urine samples were analyzed in the laboratory, specifically in the bacteriology unit, of which 246 were positive, with a rate of 19.49%. The infection rate among male children was 18.65% compared to 20.14% among females. Escherichia coliwere the dominant species with a percentage of 41.05%, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae with a rate of 23.57%.

Conclusion: Among the enterobacteriaceae responsible for urinary tract infections, Escherichia coli was the most isolated; it was 97% sensitive to imipenem and 84% to fosfomycin, but only 16% sensitive to amoxicillin.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.51505/ijmshr.2025.9313