Title:
Integrated Strategies in Epilepsy Management: Bridging Pharmacological and Non-pharmacological Therapies

Authors:
Sireesha Kalva, Varshitha Kollipara*, India

Abstract:

Epilepsy is characterised by unprovoked seizures arising from disproportionate firing of brain neurons, accompanied by brief lapses of sudden muscular contractions with or without the loss of consciousness. It is among the most prevalent neurological diseases in children and adults. Etiology ranges from premature birth, fever, infections such as meningitis, maternal complications, structural brain abnormalities, and several others. Epilepsy is primarily managed by two methods: i) Pharmacological management and ii) Non-Pharmacological management. Epilepsy is managed non-pharmacologically through various approaches, including first aid, acupuncture, deep brain stimulation, artificial intelligence, neurostimulation, ketogenic diets, etc. Conversely, pharmacological management by administering anti-epileptic drugs as first-line therapy, evaluation of epigenetic parameters of the disorder and intervention of the mTOR pathway. Conditions such as drug-resistant epilepsy is treated by dispensing conventional AEDs or by either of the non-pharmacological management methods.  

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.51505/ijmshr.2025.9411